Global Atelier 3.0 - Feng Shui: Tracing the Evolution of Chinese Architecture

As the third installment of our “Global Atelier” Series of Presentations, our colleague Naixin gave a fascinating presentation on the ancient Chinese practice of Feng Shui. This concept aims to boost luck by carefully placing gravesites, homes, and other structures in harmony with the landscape. It's believed to bring good fortune to both residences and businesses.

Traditionally, Feng Shui guided the placement and orientation of graves, homes, palaces, and temples. Experts used local features and compasses to find the best spots and dates. At its heart, Feng Shui is about picking and shaping living spaces, covering everything from homes and palaces to tombs. The "Yin House" focuses on tomb-related practices, while several classic texts, like the “Classic of the Yellow Emperor’s Dwelling,” highlight the harmony between people and their surroundings. The “I Ching” is also a key part of Feng Shui philosophy, and the “Book of Burial” lays out its principles.

During the talk, Naixin contrasted the Yin House (for the deceased) with the Yang House (for the living). For the Yin House, he emphasized the importance of sheng qi, or vital energy, which flows through the earth, bringing blessings and prosperity. If a burial site or home captures this energy, it can ensure peace and good fortune for the living or prosperity for the deceased's descendants. He noted that ideal locations for both burials and homes are usually flat lands or terraces surrounded by mountains and flowing water—think of spots where main and tributary streams meet. He pointed to the Ming Tombs, where the landscape creates a “Land of the Four Spirits,” embodying protection and balance.

[Image credit: Ming Tombs in the North of Beijing]

[Image credit: Hall of Supreme Harmony, Palace of Heavenly Purity & Palace of Earthly Tranquility in the Forbidden City in Beijing]

For the Yang House, Naixin highlighted the Forbidden City. He described the ceremonial entrance that leads through various areas before reaching the living quarters, reflecting the symmetrical layout of the Forbidden City. The design integrates the Earth’s natural features, known as the Dragon Vein, symbolizing the balance of Yin and Yang, and aligning with the emperor's power. Key palaces like the Hall of Supreme Harmony are located along this central axis.

[Image credit: Aerial View of Forbidden City in Beijing]

Naixin also shared insights about the Chinese courtyard house, or SiHeYuan, as a simpler example of Feng Shui design. This house features a central courtyard surrounded by four sections, following the traditional north-south axis, which helps capture cool breezes in summer and shield against winter winds. The main entrance usually sits in the southeast corner, linked to the “Xun” area in Feng Shui, thought to attract prosperity. The central axis is key for good energy flow, much like the spine of a body.

Specific features within the SiHeYuan are also vital. For instance, the Spirit Screen directs the flow of Qi (energy) and prevents drafts, reinforcing the idea that “curves bring affection” and help gather wealth. The restroom is often placed in the southwest corner to mitigate negative energy, while the kitchen is strategically located to promote health and prosperity.

Naixin wrapped up by showcasing modern Feng Shui applications, like at Marina Bay Sands in Singapore. This site, positioned at the “mouth of the southern dragon,” is considered a hotspot for wealth. Its design faces the bustling financial district with the sea behind, creating an ideal setup to attract fortune. The iconic boat-shaped SkyPark symbolizes smooth sailing ventures, while the three towers represent the pillars of luck: Fortune, Prosperity, and Longevity.

For contemporary home interiors, Naixin highlighted the importance of applying Feng Shui principles to craft balanced living spaces. For instance, bedrooms should avoid direct views of the front door to maintain privacy and protect health. The layout should ensure that the living room is the first thing seen upon entering the home, while kitchens or bathrooms should be positioned carefully to avoid bad vibes. Key tips included steering clear of beams above beds or desks, avoiding mirrors that face the bed, and opting for a simple, warm color palette in bedrooms. By following these tips, homeowners can create a harmonious environment that aligns with Feng Shui principles, ensuring a happy and prosperous living space.

[Image credit: Marina Bay Sands Hotel in Singapore. Designed by Moshe Safdie,  / Modern Interior based on Feng Shui Principles]